Ferritin

Also known as: Serum ferritin

The body's iron storage protein and the best single indicator of total iron stores. It's also an acute-phase reactant, so it rises with inflammation independent of iron status.

Low ferritin causes fatigue, hair loss, poor recovery and reduced training capacity long before hemoglobin drops into frank anemia — one of the most common correctable causes of feeling terrible with 'normal' labs.

Standard — male
30–400 ng/mL
★ Optimal — male
>50 ng/mL minimum; ~75–150 ng/mL for energy and hair.
Standard — female
15–150 ng/mL — the low end of this range is far too permissive for symptomatic women
★ Optimal — female
>50 ng/mL minimum, ideally 70–100. Hair loss and fatigue often persist until ferritin exceeds ~50–70 even with normal hemoglobin — a routinely missed diagnosis in women.
🔍 Why it happensLow: menstrual blood loss, blood donation/phlebotomy (very common in TRT users managing hematocrit), GI bleeding, poor intake, malabsorption (celiac, low stomach acid), heavy endurance training. High: hemochromatosis, inflammation, liver disease, alcohol, metabolic syndrome.
▲ If Ferritin is highAlways interpret next to hs-CRP — inflammation raises ferritin independent of iron. Persistently high ferritin with high transferrin saturation warrants hemochromatosis genetic testing.
▼ If Ferritin is lowFatigue, hair shedding, cold intolerance, restless legs, poor endurance, low mood.

The plan of attack

In this order. Most people start at step four, which is why they change five things at once and learn nothing.

  1. Confirm the number is real
    An iron supplement taken before the draw. Oral iron raises serum iron and transferrin saturation for hours afterwards, which makes a deficiency panel read better than the person is. Ferritin itself moves more slowly, so the panel becomes internally inconsistent. Hold iron for 24 hours before the draw, and take the sample fasted in the morning.
  2. Read it with its partner
    Pair with the Iron Panel and hs-CRP for a complete and correctly interpreted picture. Draw it alongside: Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential, Iron Panel (Iron, TIBC, Transferrin Saturation), hs-CRP (High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein).
  3. Work out which direction is yours
    If it's high — Always interpret next to hs-CRP — inflammation raises ferritin independent of iron. Persistently high ferritin with high transferrin saturation warrants hemochromatosis genetic testing.
    If it's low — Fatigue, hair shedding, cold intolerance, restless legs, poor endurance, low mood.
  4. Fix it in this order
    Nutrition. Red meat and liver are the most bioavailable sources (heme iron). Pair plant iron with vitamin C. Separate iron from coffee, tea, calcium and zinc by 2 hours — these substantially inhibit absorption.
    Lifestyle. Investigate the cause of loss — heavy periods, GI bleeding, or over-donation. In men, unexplained iron deficiency warrants GI evaluation.
    Supplements. Iron bisglycinate every other day — alternate-day dosing produces better absorption than daily, because daily dosing raises hepcidin and blocks uptake. Take with vitamin C on an empty stomach if tolerated. Retest before continuing long-term.
    Hormones. Treat heavy menstrual bleeding (a gynecological conversation). If donating blood for hematocrit control, space donations and monitor ferritin.
    Compounds. The classic TRT trap: donate blood repeatedly to control hematocrit → tank ferritin → feel exhausted → blame testosterone. Track both together, always.
    Work down the list, not across it. Adding a compound on top of an unfixed diet is why generic protocols fail.
  5. Retest
    8–12 weeks after starting iron; every 6 months if donating blood. Change one thing at a time, or the retest can't tell you which thing worked.

How to fix it

🥩 Nutrition: Red meat and liver are the most bioavailable sources (heme iron). Pair plant iron with vitamin C. Separate iron from coffee, tea, calcium and zinc by 2 hours — these substantially inhibit absorption.
💊 Supplements: Iron bisglycinate 25–50 mg every other day — alternate-day dosing produces better absorption than daily, because daily dosing raises hepcidin and blocks uptake. Take with vitamin C on an empty stomach if tolerated. Retest before continuing long-term.
🏃 Lifestyle: Investigate the cause of loss — heavy periods, GI bleeding, or over-donation. In men, unexplained iron deficiency warrants GI evaluation.
⚕️ Hormones / medications: Treat heavy menstrual bleeding (a gynecological conversation). If donating blood for hematocrit control, space donations and monitor ferritin.
🧬 Peptides: The classic TRT trap: donate blood repeatedly to control hematocrit → tank ferritin → feel exhausted → blame testosterone. Track both together, always.
⚡ Testing tip / TRT notePair with the Iron Panel and hs-CRP for a complete and correctly interpreted picture.
Retest: 8–12 weeks after starting iron; every 6 months if donating blood.
Run alongside: CBC · Iron Panel · hs-CRP · Hemochromatosis DNA

📚 WHO ferritin threshold guideline. Camaschella C, NEJM 2015 — iron-deficiency anemia. Stoffel NU et al., Lancet Haematol 2017 — alternate-day iron dosing.

🩸 Test your Ferritin

Order directly through Marek Diagnostics — no doctor's visit needed, drawn at any Quest location in the US. Code CAMERON applies 10% off automatically.

Order this test — 10% off → Browse all 102 markers →

What Ferritin is usually tested alongside

On its own, one marker is a data point. These panels include Ferritin plus the markers that make it interpretable — each names every test, why it is on the list, and loads the whole set into your cart in one click at 10% off.

🔋 Chronic Fatigue Workup $211.50
includes this + 11 more markers — Persistently exhausted despite adequate sleep, and either haven't been tested or were told everything is normal.
🌱 Male Starter $108.00
includes this + 6 more markers · built for men — Never had proper bloodwork, or want the highest-value snapshot for the least money.
🩸 Iron Deficiency Without Anemia $88.20
includes this + 6 more markers · built for women — Exhausted, breathless on stairs, hair shedding, brittle nails, restless legs, brain fog — and you've been told your blood count is normal. Extremely common in menstruating women, endurance athletes, and anyone plant-based.
💇‍♀️ Female Hair Loss & Thinning $197.55
includes this + 9 more markers · built for women — Widening part, thinning at the crown, more hair in the shower drain, or a ponytail that's visibly thinner than it was.

What moves your Ferritin

3 compounds and 11 supplements in the Vault have a documented effect on this marker, or are a reason to have measured it first:

KPV — The first thing a damaged gut stops absorbing
Larazotide — Malabsorption takes iron first
Phenibut — Low iron drives anxiety and is far commoner than people think
Adrenal Cortex — So does iron deficiency, and it's cheaper to fix
Betaine HCl — Iron absorption also depends on stomach acid
Collagen — Low iron impairs collagen synthesis directly
DGL Licorice — Reflux and gastritis are common causes of occult iron loss
Iron — Never supplement iron without this. Overload is harder to fix than deficiency
Iron Complex — Never supplement iron without this. Overload is harder to fix than deficiency
Manganese — Low iron increases manganese absorption, so it raises the risk
Multivitamin Elite — Multi iron is rarely enough to correct a real deficiency
Pancreatic Enzymes — Malabsorption shows up as iron deficiency first
Valerian — Low iron is a common and cheap-to-fix cause of poor sleep and restless legs
Vitamin C — Substantially increases non-haem iron absorption — matters if ferritin is high

Browse all 237 compounds & 350 supplements →

Would you feel it? Symptoms Ferritin helps explain

People rarely search for a marker — they search for how they feel. These are the complaints where this marker is worth checking, and whether it is a first-line test or a follow-up once the obvious causes are ruled out.

🔋 Tired all the time / low energytest first💇 Hair thinning or sheddingtest first😔 Anxiety, irritability or low moodtest first🦴 Joint pain / poor recoverytest first⚡ Muscle cramps / twitchingtest first⚡ Headaches or migrainestest first🩸 Heavy, painful or prolonged periodstest first🌱 I'm vegan or vegetarian — what should I check?test first❤️‍🩹 Chest pain, palpitations or breathlessnesstest first🍽️ Bloating, poor digestion or I think I'm not absorbingtest first🫀 Liver concerns, or I drink more than I'd liketest first💊 I take a lot of supplements — is any of it actually working?test first☣️ Possible toxic or heavy metal exposuretest first🤰 Trying to conceive, or pregnancy questionstest first🧠 Brain fog / poor memorythen😴 Poor sleep / can't stay asleepthen♀️ Irregular periods / PMS / fertility issuesthen🤧 Frequent illness / slow healingthen🦋 Thyroid nodule, thyroid disease in the family, or already on thyroid medsthen💧 Swelling, foamy urine, or kidney concernsthen

Why your Ferritin might be wrong

Most abnormal results are interference, not disease. These are the things that measurably move this specific marker — check them before you change anything. Each one says whether the number is wrong and should be repeated, badly timed and should be redrawn, or real with a cause worth explaining.

🕐 An iron supplement taken before the drawThe value is real but reflects a moment — retime it

Oral iron raises serum iron and transferrin saturation for hours afterwards, which makes a deficiency panel read better than the person is. Ferritin itself moves more slowly, so the panel becomes internally inconsistent.

Hold iron for 24 hours before the draw, and take the sample fasted in the morning.

🏃 Any inflammation, infection or hard training blockA real change — retest once it passes

Ferritin is an acute-phase reactant. Inflammation drives it UP independently of iron stores, so a normal-looking ferritin can sit on top of genuine iron deficiency. A recent illness, an injury, or a heavy training block all do it.

Read ferritin next to hs-CRP. If CRP is up, the ferritin is not trustworthy as an iron measure — repeat both once the inflammation settles.

🏃 Any inflammation at allA real change — retest once it passes

Ferritin is an acute-phase reactant as well as an iron store. Infection, injury, obesity, hard training and liver stress all raise it — so a 'normal' ferritin of 60 alongside a CRP of 8 may be a depleted ferritin of 20 wearing a disguise. This is the single most consequential interference in the whole Vault, because it causes real iron deficiency to be missed.

Never read ferritin without a CRP beside it. If CRP is up, lean on transferrin saturation instead.

🏃 Recent hard trainingA real change — retest once it passes

Rises acutely for days after hard exercise, which produces a falsely reassuring number in exactly the athletes most likely to be deficient.

Draw at least 48–72 hours after a hard session.

💊 Iron supplementsA real change — account for the cause

Recent dosing raises measured ferritin above your true stored level — supplemental iron shows up in the tank before it has actually filled it.

Stop iron 5–7 days before a draw meant to assess your baseline.

🩸 Blood donation / phlebotomy

Lowers ferritin substantially; can falsely lower HbA1c by shortening red cell lifespan.

Track ferritin every time you donate — the classic TRT trap. Note recent donation when reading HbA1c.

🤒 Acute illness / infection

Raises inflammatory markers and ferritin; suppresses testosterone and T3 (nonthyroidal illness).

Wait 2–4 weeks after an illness before drawing — otherwise you're measuring the infection, not your baseline.

What Ferritin means in combination

A single marker tells you a little. Combinations tell you the story — these are the named patterns this marker takes part in, and what each one points at.

Missing periods in an athlete — RED-S, not "just training hard"
LH and FSH low · Oestradiol low · Free T3 low · Ferritin low · Periods absent or irregular

Low energy availability shuts the reproductive axis down to save fuel. It is not a badge of being lean — it costs bone density in a way that does not fully come back.

Eat more. That is the treatment, and no supplement substitutes for it. Get bone density assessed if it has been going on for a year or more. The RED-S panel exists for exactly this picture.

Hair thinning with three fixable inputs
Ferritin <50 · Vitamin D low · Thyroid drifting (TSH up or Free T3 down)

Female pattern shedding is very often nutritional and thyroidal before it is hormonal. Each of these alone can shed hair; together they reliably do.

Ferritin above 50 is the usual threshold for regrowth — normal is not the same as sufficient here. Fix all three and give it 3–6 months; the hair cycle is slow and nothing shows in weeks.

Plenty of T4, not enough T3 — a conversion problem
Free T4 normal or high · Free T3 low · Reverse T3 high · Ferritin or selenium low

Converting T4 into active T3 needs selenium, iron, zinc and adequate energy. When those are short — or under stress and illness — you make inactive reverse T3 instead.

Adding more T4 to a conversion problem does not work. Correct ferritin and selenium first, address energy availability and stress, and retest in 8–12 weeks before changing any thyroid medication.

Exhausted on TRT despite perfect testosterone
Testosterone optimal · Ferritin low (<50) · Hematocrit was high, managed by donating blood

The classic TRT trap. Repeated phlebotomy to control hematocrit depletes iron stores. You fixed the viscosity and created iron-deficiency fatigue.

Track ferritin every time you donate. Supplement iron (bisglycinate, alternate-day dosing absorbs better) and re-evaluate whether the TRT dose/frequency itself is driving the hematocrit up.

What to test next

Markers rarely answer alone. These are the ones that put Ferritin in context — each with its own full breakdown.

Frequently asked questions

What is a normal Ferritin level?

30–400 ng/mL Ranges vary by laboratory and assay — always compare to the range printed on your own report.

What is the optimal Ferritin level?

>50 ng/mL minimum; ~75–150 ng/mL for energy and hair.

What causes high Ferritin?

Always interpret next to hs-CRP — inflammation raises ferritin independent of iron. Persistently high ferritin with high transferrin saturation warrants hemochromatosis genetic testing.

What causes low Ferritin?

Fatigue, hair shedding, cold intolerance, restless legs, poor endurance, low mood.

How do I test Ferritin?

You can order Ferritin directly through Marek Diagnostics without a doctor's visit — drawn at any Quest Diagnostics location in the US. Code CAMERON applies 10% off automatically.

Important: This page is education only. The ranges shown are published reference and functional ranges from the cited literature — not a diagnosis and not medical advice. Lab ranges vary by assay and laboratory; always compare against the range printed on your own report and discuss your results with a qualified healthcare provider.